Readability Scorer

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<!doctype html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
<title>Readability Scorer — sloprun.dev</title>
<style>
/* sloprun design tokens — inline this block into every demo (self-contained rule).
   Identity: instrument-panel. Machine facts in mono; human words in sans.
   Green is EARNED: only for "it ran / it worked" states, never decoration. */
:root {
  --bg: #F6F6F3;          /* neutral paper, not cream */
  --surface: #FFFFFF;
  --ink: #1A1D21;
  --muted: #5A6068;
  --line: #E3E2DC;
  --accent: #C05600;      /* phosphor amber, darkened for light bg */
  --accent-soft: #FFF3E6;
  --run: #1A7F37;         /* earned green */
  --run-soft: #E7F4EA;
  --danger: #C93C37;
  --radius: 10px;
  --font-sans: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", sans-serif;
  --font-mono: ui-monospace, "SF Mono", "Cascadia Code", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --bg: #14161A; --surface: #1C1F26; --ink: #E8E6E1; --muted: #9AA0A8;
    --line: #2A2E36; --accent: #FFB454; --accent-soft: #2A2118;
    --run: #3FB950; --run-soft: #16281B; --danger: #F47067;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --bg: #14161A; --surface: #1C1F26; --ink: #E8E6E1; --muted: #9AA0A8;
  --line: #2A2E36; --accent: #FFB454; --accent-soft: #2A2118;
  --run: #3FB950; --run-soft: #16281B; --danger: #F47067;
}
body { background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); font-family: var(--font-sans); }

/* ---- difficulty ramp (5 bands). No green in here: green is earned. ---- */
/* Pill text: --accent / --run sit at 4.2:1 and 4.5:1 on their own soft fills,
   which misses AA at pill size in light theme. Darkened same-hue inks for light;
   dark theme keeps the tokens, where they already clear 6:1. */
:root {
  --accent-ink: #A34900;
  --run-ink: #16702F;
  --band0-bg: transparent;  --band0-bar: #C3C7BE;
  --band1-bg: #FBEFDD;      --band1-bar: #E0A55B;
  --band2-bg: #F9E0BE;      --band2-bar: #D2822A;
  --band3-bg: #F7CFA6;      --band3-bar: #B85A0B;
  --band4-bg: #F6C8C2;      --band4-bar: #C93C37;
}
@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
  :root:not([data-theme="light"]) {
    --accent-ink: #FFB454;
    --run-ink: #3FB950;
    --band0-bg: transparent;  --band0-bar: #454B54;
    --band1-bg: #2B2318;      --band1-bar: #7A5B26;
    --band2-bg: #3A2C18;      --band2-bar: #B07C2A;
    --band3-bg: #4B341A;      --band3-bar: #E39A3C;
    --band4-bg: #4A2320;      --band4-bar: #F47067;
  }
}
:root[data-theme="dark"] {
  --accent-ink: #FFB454;
  --run-ink: #3FB950;
  --band0-bg: transparent;  --band0-bar: #454B54;
  --band1-bg: #2B2318;      --band1-bar: #7A5B26;
  --band2-bg: #3A2C18;      --band2-bar: #B07C2A;
  --band3-bg: #4B341A;      --band3-bar: #E39A3C;
  --band4-bg: #4A2320;      --band4-bar: #F47067;
}

/* ---- shell ---- */
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
body { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.55; -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; overflow-x: hidden; }
.wrap { max-width: 1020px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 26px 18px 34px; }
h1 { font-size: 1.5rem; line-height: 1.2; margin: 0 0 7px; letter-spacing: -.015em; }
h2 { font-size: .95rem; margin: 0; font-weight: 600; }
.lede { margin: 0; color: var(--muted); font-size: .95rem; max-width: 70ch; }
.lede b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.sr-only {
  position: absolute; width: 1px; height: 1px; padding: 0; margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden; clip: rect(0 0 0 0); white-space: nowrap; border: 0;
}
.mono { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.k-lab {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .63rem; letter-spacing: .12em;
  text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted);
}

/* ---- cards ---- */
.card {
  background: var(--surface); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: var(--radius); padding: 14px; margin-top: 14px;
}
.cardhead { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; align-items: baseline; gap: 4px 12px; margin-bottom: 11px; }
.cardhead .note { font-size: .78rem; color: var(--muted); margin-left: auto; }
.top { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 14px; }
.top > .card { margin-top: 14px; }
@media (max-width: 720px) { .top { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); gap: 0; } }

/* ---- buttons ---- */
.btn {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; letter-spacing: .02em;
  background: var(--bg); color: var(--ink); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 999px; padding: 6px 11px; min-height: 32px; cursor: pointer;
  white-space: nowrap; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis;
  transition: border-color .15s, color .15s, background .15s;
}
.btn:hover { border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }
.btn:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
.btn[aria-pressed="true"] { background: var(--accent-soft); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }
.btn[disabled] { opacity: .45; cursor: not-allowed; }
.btn[disabled]:hover { border-color: var(--line); color: var(--ink); }
.row { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; align-items: center; }
.row.tight { gap: 5px; }

/* ---- dials ---- */
.dials { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 16px; }
.dial { text-align: center; min-width: 0; }
.gaugewrap { position: relative; margin: 2px auto 0; max-width: 190px; }
svg.gauge { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; }
svg.gauge .track { fill: none; stroke: var(--line); stroke-width: 9; stroke-linecap: round; }
svg.gauge .val {
  fill: none; stroke: var(--accent); stroke-width: 9; stroke-linecap: round;
  transition: stroke-dashoffset .45s cubic-bezier(.22,.61,.36,1);
}
svg.gauge .notch { stroke: var(--ink); stroke-width: 1.8; stroke-linecap: round; }
.gval {
  position: absolute; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 1px; text-align: center;
  pointer-events: none;
}
.gnum {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-size: clamp(1.5rem, 7vw, 2.1rem); line-height: 1; letter-spacing: -.03em;
  display: block;
}
.gsub { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .62rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .06em; }
.dband {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .68rem; letter-spacing: .07em;
  color: var(--accent-ink); margin-top: 5px; min-height: 1.2em;
}
.dscale {
  display: flex; justify-content: space-between; padding: 0 3px; font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: .58rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 2px; letter-spacing: .04em;
}
.notchkey { font-size: .55rem; color: var(--muted); letter-spacing: .04em; margin-top: 3px; }
.offscale {
  display: inline-block; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .58rem;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 999px; padding: 1px 6px;
  color: var(--muted); margin-top: 4px;
}

/* ---- stat grid ---- */
.stats { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(88px, 1fr)); gap: 9px; }
.stat { min-width: 0; }
.stat .v {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-size: 1.05rem; line-height: 1.2; display: block; letter-spacing: -.01em;
}
.stat .k { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .59rem; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); display: block; margin-top: 1px; }

/* ---- grade goal control ---- */
.goalset { margin-top: 13px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line); padding-top: 11px; }
.trow { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 10px; flex-wrap: wrap; }
.trow label { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .66rem; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); }
input[type="range"] { flex: 1 1 130px; min-width: 110px; accent-color: var(--accent); height: 22px; }
input[type="range"]:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 3px; border-radius: 4px; }
.tval { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .84rem; }
.passbar { height: 6px; border-radius: 999px; background: var(--line); margin-top: 10px; overflow: hidden; }
.passbar > i { display: block; height: 100%; background: var(--accent); transition: width .3s ease; }
.passbar.all > i { background: var(--run); }
.passline { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-top: 7px; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; color: var(--muted); }
.pill {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .64rem; letter-spacing: .07em;
  border-radius: 999px; padding: 3px 9px; border: 1px solid var(--line); white-space: nowrap;
}
.pill.ok { background: var(--run-soft); border-color: var(--run); color: var(--run-ink); }
.pill.warn { background: var(--accent-soft); border-color: var(--accent); color: var(--accent-ink); }

/* ---- worst callout ---- */
.worst blockquote {
  margin: 0; padding: 11px 13px; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-left: 3px solid var(--danger); border-radius: 7px; font-size: .95rem; line-height: 1.6;
}
.mini { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px 16px; margin-top: 10px; }
.mini > span { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted); white-space: nowrap; }
.mini b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.why { margin: 9px 0 0; font-size: .87rem; color: var(--muted); }
.why b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }

/* ---- editor ---- */
.stack { position: relative; margin-top: 10px; }
.mirror, .editor {
  font-family: var(--font-sans); font-size: 1.02rem; line-height: 1.72;
  padding: 13px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 9px;
  white-space: pre-wrap; overflow-wrap: break-word; text-align: left; margin: 0;
  letter-spacing: normal; word-spacing: normal; font-weight: 400;
}
.mirror {
  background: var(--surface); color: transparent; min-height: 190px;
  pointer-events: none; user-select: none;
}
.editor {
  position: absolute; inset: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; display: block;
  background: transparent; color: var(--ink); caret-color: var(--accent);
  resize: none; overflow: hidden;
}
.editor:focus { outline: none; }
.stack:focus-within .mirror { border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-soft); }
.editor::selection { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--ink); }
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.s.b2 { background: var(--band2-bg); }
.s.b3 { background: var(--band3-bg); }
.s.b4 { background: var(--band4-bg); }
.s.over { text-decoration: underline dotted var(--muted); text-underline-offset: 4px; text-decoration-thickness: 1px; }
.s.sel { box-shadow: inset 0 -2px 0 var(--accent); }

/* ---- legend ---- */
.legend { display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 5px 12px; margin-top: 10px; }
.lg { display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 5px; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .63rem; color: var(--muted); }
.sw { width: 13px; height: 13px; border-radius: 3px; border: 1px solid var(--line); flex: 0 0 auto; }
.sw.b0 { background: var(--band0-bar); }
.sw.b1 { background: var(--band1-bar); }
.sw.b2 { background: var(--band2-bar); }
.sw.b3 { background: var(--band3-bar); }
.sw.b4 { background: var(--band4-bar); }
.sw.over {
  background: none; border: 0; border-bottom: 2px dotted var(--muted);
  border-radius: 0; height: 9px; align-self: center;
}

/* ---- sentence strip ---- */
.stripwrap { margin-top: 13px; }
.strip {
  display: flex; align-items: flex-end; gap: 2px; height: 62px; overflow-x: auto;
  padding: 0 0 2px; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line);
}
.strip button {
  flex: 1 1 auto; min-width: 7px; padding: 0; border: 0; background: none;
  cursor: pointer; height: 100%; display: flex; align-items: flex-end;
}
.strip button:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; }
.strip button > i {
  display: block; width: 100%; border-radius: 2px 2px 0 0;
  transition: height .3s ease, background .2s;
}
.strip button > i.b0 { background: var(--band0-bar); }
.strip button > i.b1 { background: var(--band1-bar); }
.strip button > i.b2 { background: var(--band2-bar); }
.strip button > i.b3 { background: var(--band3-bar); }
.strip button > i.b4 { background: var(--band4-bar); }
.strip button[aria-pressed="true"] > i { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; }
.strip button:hover > i { filter: brightness(1.12); }
.striplabels { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .58rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 4px; letter-spacing: .05em; }

/* ---- detail ---- */
.det { margin-top: 13px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line); padding-top: 12px; }
.det blockquote {
  margin: 8px 0 0; padding: 10px 12px; background: var(--bg); border: 1px solid var(--line);
  border-radius: 7px; font-size: .92rem; line-height: 1.6;
}
.dethead { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 8px; flex-wrap: wrap; }

/* ---- lab ---- */
.labgrid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 300px) minmax(0, 1fr); gap: 16px; }
@media (max-width: 700px) { .labgrid { grid-template-columns: minmax(0,1fr); } }
input.probe {
  width: 100%; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: 1rem; padding: 10px 12px;
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input.probe:focus { outline: none; border-color: var(--accent); box-shadow: 0 0 0 3px var(--accent-soft); }
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.vg { background: var(--accent-soft); color: var(--accent-ink); border-radius: 3px; padding: 0 1px; }
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.steps { list-style: none; margin: 11px 0 0; padding: 0; }
.steps li {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--muted);
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}
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.steps li b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 500; }
.steps li.ok { color: var(--run); }
.steps li.ok::before { content: "✓"; color: var(--run); font-size: .8em; }
.steps li.miss::before { content: "!"; color: var(--danger); }
.misstable { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin-top: 10px; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; }
.misstable th { text-align: left; color: var(--muted); font-weight: 400; letter-spacing: .07em; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: .58rem; padding: 4px 8px 4px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); }
.misstable td { padding: 3px 8px 3px 0; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--line); font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
.misstable td.rule { color: var(--danger); }
.misstable td.hand { color: var(--ink); }
.tablescroll { max-height: 230px; overflow: auto; margin-top: 4px; }

/* ---- method ---- */
details.method {
  margin-top: 14px; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: var(--radius);
  background: var(--surface); padding: 0;
}
details.method > summary {
  cursor: pointer; padding: 12px 14px; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .74rem;
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details.method > summary::before { content: "▸ "; color: var(--accent); }
details.method[open] > summary::before { content: "▾ "; }
details.method > summary:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: -2px; border-radius: var(--radius); }
.method .body { padding: 0 14px 14px; font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); max-width: 74ch; }
.method .body p { margin: 9px 0; }
.method .body b { color: var(--ink); font-weight: 600; }
.method .body code { font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .85em; color: var(--ink); }
.method .body ul { margin: 9px 0; padding-left: 18px; }
.method .body li { margin: 4px 0; }
.formula {
  font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .72rem; color: var(--ink); background: var(--bg);
  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 7px; padding: 9px 11px; margin: 9px 0;
  overflow-x: auto; white-space: pre; line-height: 1.6;
}

footer { margin-top: 24px; font-family: var(--font-mono); font-size: .7rem; color: var(--muted); }

@media (max-width: 380px) {
  .wrap { padding: 20px 13px 30px; }
  .card { padding: 12px; }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  * { transition: none !important; animation: none !important; scroll-behavior: auto !important; }
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="wrap">

  <header>
    <h1>Readability Scorer</h1>
    <p class="lede">Paste any writing. It scores how hard each sentence is to read &mdash; <b>reading ease</b>,
      <b>school grade</b>, and a shade behind every sentence &mdash; entirely inside this page. Nothing is uploaded.</p>
  </header>

  <div class="top">
    <section class="card" aria-labelledby="score-h">
      <div class="cardhead">
        <h2 id="score-h">Whole text</h2>
        <span class="note mono" id="scope-note">7 sentences</span>
      </div>
      <div class="dials">
        <div class="dial">
          <div class="k-lab">reading ease</div>
          <div class="gaugewrap">
            <svg class="gauge" viewBox="0 0 120 70" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
              <path class="track" d="M12,60 A48,48 0 0 1 108,60" pathLength="100"></path>
              <path class="val" id="arc-ease" d="M12,60 A48,48 0 0 1 108,60" pathLength="100"
                    stroke-dasharray="100" stroke-dashoffset="100"></path>
            </svg>
            <span class="gval"><span class="gnum" id="ease-num">&mdash;</span><span class="gsub">flesch</span></span>
          </div>
          <div class="dband mono" id="ease-band">&nbsp;</div>
          <div class="dscale"><span>0 hard</span><span>easy 100</span></div>
          <div id="ease-off"></div>
        </div>
        <div class="dial">
          <div class="k-lab">school grade</div>
          <div class="gaugewrap">
            <svg class="gauge" viewBox="0 0 120 70" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false">
              <path class="track" d="M12,60 A48,48 0 0 1 108,60" pathLength="100"></path>
              <path class="val" id="arc-grade" d="M12,60 A48,48 0 0 1 108,60" pathLength="100"
                    stroke-dasharray="100" stroke-dashoffset="100"></path>
              <line class="notch" id="grade-notch" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="0"></line>
            </svg>
            <span class="gval"><span class="gnum" id="grade-num">&mdash;</span><span class="gsub">kincaid</span></span>
          </div>
          <div class="dband mono" id="grade-band">&nbsp;</div>
          <div class="dscale"><span>0</span><span>18</span></div>
          <div class="notchkey mono">tick marks your goal</div>
          <div id="grade-off"></div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <p class="sr-only" aria-live="polite" id="live"></p>
    </section>

    <section class="card" aria-labelledby="counts-h">
      <div class="cardhead">
        <h2 id="counts-h">Counts</h2>
        <span class="note mono" id="readtime">&mdash;</span>
      </div>
      <div class="stats" id="stats"></div>
      <div class="goalset">
        <div class="trow">
          <label for="goal">aim for grade</label>
          <input type="range" id="goal" min="4" max="16" step="1" value="8" aria-describedby="passline">
          <span class="tval mono" id="tval">8</span>
        </div>
        <div class="passbar" id="passbar"><i style="width:0%"></i></div>
        <div class="passline" id="passline"></div>
      </div>
    </section>
  </div>

  <section class="card worst" aria-labelledby="worst-h">
    <div class="cardhead">
      <h2 id="worst-h">Hardest sentence</h2>
      <span class="note mono">highest grade level</span>
    </div>
    <blockquote id="worst-text">&mdash;</blockquote>
    <div class="mini" id="worst-mini"></div>
    <p class="why" id="worst-why"></p>
    <div class="row" style="margin-top:11px">
      <button class="btn" id="worst-jump" type="button">select it in the text ↓</button>
    </div>
  </section>

  <section class="card" aria-labelledby="text-h">
    <div class="cardhead">
      <h2 id="text-h">Your text</h2>
      <span class="note">click any sentence to inspect it</span>
    </div>

    <div class="row tight" role="group" aria-label="Example texts">
      <span class="k-lab" style="margin-right:2px">examples</span>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-sample="mixed" aria-pressed="true">contract + plain rewrite</button>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-sample="rain" aria-pressed="false">how rain works</button>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-sample="long" aria-pressed="false">one very long sentence</button>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-sample="plain" aria-pressed="false">short and plain</button>
    </div>

    <div class="row tight" style="margin-top:9px" role="group" aria-label="Shade sentences by">
      <span class="k-lab" style="margin-right:2px">shade by</span>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-mode="ease" aria-pressed="true">reading ease</button>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-mode="length" aria-pressed="false">sentence length</button>
      <button class="btn" type="button" data-mode="syll" aria-pressed="false">syllables per word</button>
    </div>

    <label class="sr-only" for="ta">Your text. Move the caret into a sentence to inspect it.</label>
    <div class="stack">
      <div class="mirror" id="mirror" aria-hidden="true"></div>
      <textarea id="ta" class="editor" spellcheck="false" autocomplete="off"></textarea>
    </div>

    <div class="legend" id="legend"></div>

    <div class="stripwrap">
      <div class="k-lab" id="strip-lab">sentence profile · reading ease · taller = harder</div>
      <div class="strip" id="strip" role="group" aria-label="Sentence profile: select a sentence"></div>
      <div class="striplabels"><span>first sentence</span><span>last sentence</span></div>
    </div>

    <div class="det" id="det"></div>
  </section>

  <section class="card" aria-labelledby="lab-h">
    <div class="cardhead">
      <h2 id="lab-h">Syllable counter</h2>
      <span class="note">the shakiest part of the whole score</span>
    </div>
    <p class="why" style="margin-top:0">Both formulas need a syllable count, and there is no exact rule for
      English &mdash; only guesswork over vowel groups. Here is the guess this page makes, step by step,
      plus every word it is known to get wrong.</p>
    <div class="labgrid" style="margin-top:12px">
      <div>
        <label class="k-lab" for="probe">try a word</label>
        <input id="probe" class="probe" type="text" value="readability" autocomplete="off" spellcheck="false">
        <div class="row tight" style="margin-top:9px" role="group" aria-label="Example words">
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="queue">queue</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="science">science</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="video">video</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="business">business</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="wishes">wishes</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="wanted">wanted</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="little">little</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="notwithstanding">notwithstanding</button>
          <button class="btn" type="button" data-word="17">17</button>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div>
        <div class="wordview" id="wordview"></div>
        <ul class="steps" id="steps"></ul>
      </div>
    </div>
    <div style="margin-top:14px; border-top: 1px dashed var(--line); padding-top: 12px">
      <p class="why" style="margin-top:0" id="acc-line"></p>
      <button class="btn" type="button" id="miss-toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="miss-wrap">show the misses</button>
      <div id="miss-wrap" hidden></div>
    </div>
  </section>

  <details class="method">
    <summary>how the score is worked out &mdash; and where it lies to you</summary>
    <div class="body">
      <p>Two formulas from the 1940s&ndash;70s, both built from the same three counts: words, sentences, syllables.</p>
      <div class="formula">reading ease = 206.835 &minus; 1.015 &times; (words / sentences) &minus; 84.6 &times; (syllables / words)
grade level =   0.39 &times; (words / sentences) + 11.8 &times; (syllables / words) &minus; 15.59</div>
      <p>That is the whole of it. <b>Neither formula reads anything.</b> They count length and nothing else,
        so a sentence of short familiar words scores well even if it is nonsense, and a short sentence of
        long precise words scores badly even if it is perfectly clear. Treat the number as a smoke alarm,
        not a judge.</p>
      <p>Reading ease is meant to land between 0 and 100, but the formula has no ceiling or floor: very short
        plain sentences overshoot 100, and very long ones go negative. The dials clamp; the numbers do not.</p>
      <p><b>Syllables are estimated, not counted.</b> The rule: lowercase the word, drop a silent
        <code>-e</code> / <code>-es</code> / <code>-ed</code> ending, drop a leading <code>y</code>, then count
        runs of <code>a e i o u y</code>. One patch on top: a word ending in consonant + vowel + <code>-ing</code>
        (<code>be&middot;ing</code>, <code>go&middot;ing</code>) gets one more. A word containing digits is scored as
        one syllable per digit. Against a built-in list of hand-counted words the rule is right about four times in
        five &mdash; the exact score and the full list of failures are in the panel above. Words on that list use the
        hand count; everything else uses the rule.</p>
      <p><b>Sentence splitting is a guess too.</b> The page breaks on <code>.</code> <code>!</code> <code>?</code>
        followed by whitespace, then unbreaks the obvious traps: common abbreviations, single-letter initials,
        decimals, and a full stop followed by a lowercase word. Semicolons do not split, so a semicolon-spliced
        sentence is scored as the one long sentence it really is.</p>
      <p>Everything here runs in this page: no network requests, no storage, no analytics. Your text stays in the tab.</p>
    </div>
  </details>

  <footer>demo · sloprun.dev</footer>
</div>
<script>
(function () {
  "use strict";
  var $ = function (id) { return document.getElementById(id); };
  function esc(s) {
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  function clamp(v, a, b) { return v < a ? a : v > b ? b : v; }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * sample texts
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var SAMPLES = {
    mixed:
      "In the event that the subscriber elects to discontinue the aforementioned service prior to the conclusion " +
      "of the initial commitment period, an early termination adjustment, calculated in accordance with the schedule " +
      "appearing in the attached appendix, shall be assessed and subsequently applied to the final invoice, " +
      "notwithstanding any promotional consideration previously extended at the time of enrollment. Notification of " +
      "such discontinuation must be submitted in writing and will be considered effective upon receipt rather than " +
      "upon transmission.\n\n" +
      "You can cancel whenever you like. If you cancel in the first year, we add a fee to your last bill. The fee " +
      "gets smaller every month you stay with us. Your welcome discount does not change it. Send us a note to cancel, " +
      "and the clock starts when we read it, not when you send it.",
    rain:
      "Warm air holds more water than cool air. When a parcel of air rises, it expands and cools, and the water it " +
      "carries begins to condense on tiny specks of dust. Those droplets are far too small to fall on their own, so " +
      "they drift and collide, merging into bigger drops. Once a drop grows heavy enough to beat the updraft holding " +
      "it, it falls, and we call it rain.",
    long:
      "Although the editorial board had, after several postponements occasioned by scheduling conflicts among its members, " +
      "resolved to publish the revised style handbook before the end of the quarter, the volume of feedback received during " +
      "the review window, much of which addressed matters that had been considered settled at an earlier stage, " +
      "made it necessary to defer publication until such time as a consolidated response could be prepared, edited, " +
      "and signed off.",
    plain:
      "The sun came up. The boat rocked once and was still. He watched the line go slack and then draw tight. " +
      "He did not speak. The fish was there, deep and slow, and he could feel it think."
  };

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * hand-counted words. Used as ground truth for the accuracy check AND
   * as a lookup when scoring text, so the honest miss list is not a lie.
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var LEX = {
    one:1,two:1,three:1,four:1,five:1,six:1,seven:2,eight:1,nine:1,ten:1,
    year:1,years:1,queue:1,quiet:2,quite:1,science:2,poem:2,area:3,idea:3,
    being:2,going:2,doing:2,create:2,created:3,creating:3,creation:3,
    beautiful:3,wanted:2,played:1,wishes:2,boxes:2,makes:1,
    table:2,little:2,whole:1,style:1,mile:1,simple:2,people:2,business:2,
    because:2,before:2,above:2,again:2,water:2,over:2,other:2,under:2,never:2,ever:2,
    agreement:3,condition:3,conditional:4,information:4,situation:4,education:4,
    organization:5,communication:5,about:2,around:2,between:2,however:3,therefore:2,whenever:3,
    rhythm:2,someone:2,anyone:3,nothing:2,something:2,
    change:1,changed:1,changes:2,moved:1,moves:1,moving:2,
    service:2,services:3,customer:3,invoice:2,payment:2,monthly:2,cancel:2,contract:2,promise:2,
    sentence:2,syllable:3,reading:2,readable:3,writing:2,written:2,language:2,grammar:2,paragraph:3,
    measure:2,measured:2,estimate:3,approximate:4,heuristic:3,
    maybe:2,only:2,also:2,always:2,often:2,sometimes:2,
    through:1,thought:1,tough:1,laughed:1,though:1,
    onion:2,union:2,opinion:3,special:2,social:2,usual:3,
    piano:3,radio:3,video:3,audio:3,studio:3,lion:2,diet:2,poet:2,
    apple:2,purple:2,circle:2,middle:2,handle:2,
    happen:2,happened:2,listen:2,listened:2,open:2,opened:2,
    label:2,level:2,model:2,total:2,local:2,
    finally:3,similar:3,computer:3,together:3,remember:3,another:3,
    technology:4,category:4,awake:2,alone:2,early:2
  };

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * syllable estimate — vowel-group heuristic, steps exposed for display
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  function ruleSteps(raw) {
    var w = String(raw).toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z]/g, "");
    var out = { word: w, kept: w, dropped: "", droppedWhy: "", leadY: false, groups: [], bump: false, count: 0, tiny: false };
    if (!w) { return out; }
    if (w.length <= 3) { out.count = 1; out.tiny = true; return out; }
    var t = w;
    if (/ed$/.test(t) && !/[td]ed$/.test(t) && !/[aeiouy]ed$/.test(t)) {
      t = t.slice(0, -2); out.droppedWhy = "silent -ed";
    } else if (/es$/.test(t) && !/(?:[sxzcg]|ch|sh)es$/.test(t) && !/[aeiouy]es$/.test(t)) {
      t = t.slice(0, -2); out.droppedWhy = "silent -es";
    } else if (/e$/.test(t) && !/[^aeiouy]le$/.test(t) && !/[aeiouy]e$/.test(t)) {
      t = t.slice(0, -1); out.droppedWhy = "silent -e";
    }
    out.kept = t;
    out.dropped = w.slice(t.length);
    var body = t, shift = 0;
    if (/^y/.test(body)) { out.leadY = true; body = body.slice(1); shift = 1; }
    var re = /[aeiouy]+/g, m;
    while ((m = re.exec(body)) !== null) {
      out.groups.push({ i: m.index + shift, len: m[0].length, txt: m[0] });
    }
    var n = out.groups.length || 1;
    if (/[^aeiouy][aeiou]ing$/.test(w)) { out.bump = true; n += 1; }
    out.count = Math.max(1, n);
    return out;
  }
  function ruleSyllables(w) { return ruleSteps(w).count; }
  function syllables(word) {
    if (/\d/.test(word)) { return Math.max(1, (word.match(/\d/g) || []).length); }
    var k = String(word).toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z]/g, "");
    if (!k) { return 1; }
    if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(LEX, k)) { return LEX[k]; }
    return ruleSyllables(k);
  }

  /* accuracy of the bare rule against the hand counts */
  var ACC = (function () {
    var total = 0, right = 0, misses = [];
    for (var w in LEX) {
      if (!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(LEX, w)) { continue; }
      total++;
      var r = ruleSyllables(w);
      if (r === LEX[w]) { right++; } else { misses.push({ w: w, rule: r, hand: LEX[w] }); }
    }
    misses.sort(function (a, b) { return a.w < b.w ? -1 : 1; });
    return { total: total, right: right, misses: misses, pct: Math.round((right / total) * 100) };
  })();

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * sentence splitting
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var ABBR = { mr:1,mrs:1,ms:1,dr:1,prof:1,st:1,jr:1,sr:1,vs:1,etc:1,eg:1,ie:1,fig:1,no:1,
               inc:1,ltd:1,co:1,approx:1,est:1,al:1,dept:1,ed:1,vol:1,pp:1 };
  function isAbbrev(text, dot) {
    var i = dot - 1, s = "";
    while (i >= 0 && /[A-Za-z.]/.test(text.charAt(i))) { s = text.charAt(i) + s; i--; }
    s = s.replace(/\./g, "").toLowerCase();
    if (!s) { return false; }
    if (s.length === 1) { return true; }
    return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(ABBR, s);
  }
  function splitSentences(text) {
    var out = [], i = 0, n = text.length, TERM = ".!?", CLOSE = "\")']’”»";
    while (i < n) {
      while (i < n && /\s/.test(text.charAt(i))) { i++; }
      if (i >= n) { break; }
      var start = i, j = i, end = -1;
      while (j < n) {
        var c = text.charAt(j);
        if (TERM.indexOf(c) >= 0) {
          var k = j + 1;
          while (k < n && TERM.indexOf(text.charAt(k)) >= 0) { k++; }
          while (k < n && CLOSE.indexOf(text.charAt(k)) >= 0) { k++; }
          if (k >= n || /\s/.test(text.charAt(k))) {
            if (c === "." && isAbbrev(text, j)) { j = k; continue; }
            var m = k;
            while (m < n && /\s/.test(text.charAt(m))) { m++; }
            if (c === "." && m < n && /[a-z]/.test(text.charAt(m))) { j = k; continue; }
            end = k; break;
          }
          j = k; continue;
        }
        j++;
      }
      if (end < 0) { end = n; }
      while (end > start && /\s/.test(text.charAt(end - 1))) { end--; }
      if (end > start) { out.push({ start: start, end: end }); }
      i = end > start ? end : start + 1;
    }
    return out;
  }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * scoring
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var WORD_RE = /[A-Za-z0-9]+(?:['’\-][A-Za-z0-9]+)*/g;
  function wordsOf(s) { return s.match(WORD_RE) || []; }
  function ease(W, S, SY) { return 206.835 - 1.015 * (W / S) - 84.6 * (SY / W); }
  function grade(W, S, SY) { return 0.39 * (W / S) + 11.8 * (SY / W) - 15.59; }

  function analyze(text) {
    var ranges = splitSentences(text), sents = [], W = 0, SY = 0, LONG = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < ranges.length; i++) {
      var r = ranges[i], t = text.slice(r.start, r.end), ws = wordsOf(t), sy = 0, lw = 0;
      for (var k = 0; k < ws.length; k++) {
        var c = syllables(ws[k]);
        sy += c;
        if (c >= 3) { lw++; }
      }
      var wc = ws.length;
      /* a "sentence" of pure punctuation ("...", "!!") has no words: it would
         divide by zero downstream and score a green "all clear". Skip it. */
      if (!wc) { continue; }
      sents.push({
        start: r.start, end: r.end, text: t, wc: wc, sy: sy, longw: lw,
        spw: wc ? sy / wc : 0,
        ease: wc ? ease(wc, 1, sy) : 0,
        grade: wc ? grade(wc, 1, sy) : 0
      });
      W += wc; SY += sy; LONG += lw;
    }
    var SEN = sents.length;
    return {
      sents: sents, W: W, SY: SY, SEN: SEN, LONG: LONG,
      ease: (W && SEN) ? ease(W, SEN, SY) : null,
      grade: (W && SEN) ? grade(W, SEN, SY) : null,
      wps: SEN ? W / SEN : 0,
      spw: W ? SY / W : 0,
      longPct: W ? (LONG / W) * 100 : 0
    };
  }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * shading modes
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var MODES = {
    ease: {
      strip: "sentence profile · reading ease · taller = harder",
      band: function (s) { var e = s.ease; return e >= 70 ? 0 : e >= 60 ? 1 : e >= 50 ? 2 : e >= 30 ? 3 : 4; },
      diff: function (s) { return clamp((110 - clamp(s.ease, -20, 110)) / 130, 0, 1); },
      names: ["very easy", "easy", "fair", "hard", "very hard"],
      cuts: ["70+", "60–70", "50–60", "30–50", "under 30"]
    },
    length: {
      strip: "sentence profile · words per sentence · taller = longer",
      band: function (s) { var w = s.wc; return w <= 14 ? 0 : w <= 20 ? 1 : w <= 28 ? 2 : w <= 40 ? 3 : 4; },
      diff: function (s) { return clamp(s.wc / 50, 0, 1); },
      names: ["short", "medium", "longish", "long", "very long"],
      cuts: ["≤14 w", "15–20 w", "21–28 w", "29–40 w", "41+ w"]
    },
    syll: {
      strip: "sentence profile · syllables per word · taller = longer words",
      band: function (s) { var v = s.spw; return v <= 1.4 ? 0 : v <= 1.6 ? 1 : v <= 1.8 ? 2 : v <= 2.0 ? 3 : 4; },
      diff: function (s) { return clamp((s.spw - 1) / 1.4, 0, 1); },
      names: ["plain words", "mostly plain", "mixed", "long words", "very long words"],
      cuts: ["≤1.40", "≤1.60", "≤1.80", "≤2.00", "over 2.00"]
    }
  };
  var EASE_BANDS = [
    [90, "very easy"], [80, "easy"], [70, "fairly easy"], [60, "plain english"],
    [50, "fairly hard"], [30, "hard"], [-1e9, "very hard"]
  ];
  function easeBandName(e) {
    for (var i = 0; i < EASE_BANDS.length; i++) { if (e >= EASE_BANDS[i][0]) { return EASE_BANDS[i][1]; } }
    return "very hard";
  }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * state + elements
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  var state = { text: "", mode: "ease", goal: 8, sel: 0, A: null, worst: -1 };
  var ta = $("ta"), mirror = $("mirror"), strip = $("strip"), det = $("det");
  var liveTimer = null;

  function fmt(n, d) { return (Math.round(n * Math.pow(10, d)) / Math.pow(10, d)).toFixed(d); }
  function plural(n, one, many) { return n + " " + (n === 1 ? one : many); }

  /* ---------- mirror ---------- */
  function buildMirror(A) {
    var text = state.text, html = "", pos = 0;
    var mode = MODES[state.mode];
    for (var i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) {
      var s = A.sents[i];
      if (s.start > pos) { html += esc(text.slice(pos, s.start)); }
      var cls = "s b" + mode.band(s);
      if (s.grade > state.goal) { cls += " over"; }
      if (i === state.sel) { cls += " sel"; }
      html += '<span class="' + cls + '" data-i="' + i + '">' + esc(s.text) + "</span>";
      pos = s.end;
    }
    html += esc(text.slice(pos)) + "\n ";
    mirror.innerHTML = html;
  }

  /* ---------- dials ---------- */
  function setArc(el, frac) {
    el.setAttribute("stroke-dashoffset", String(100 - clamp(frac, 0, 1) * 100));
  }
  function renderDials(A) {
    var offE = $("ease-off"), offG = $("grade-off");
    if (A.ease === null) {
      $("ease-num").textContent = "—"; $("grade-num").textContent = "—";
      $("ease-band").innerHTML = "&nbsp;"; $("grade-band").innerHTML = "&nbsp;";
      setArc($("arc-ease"), 0); setArc($("arc-grade"), 0);
      offE.innerHTML = ""; offG.innerHTML = "";
      var nz = $("grade-notch");
      nz.setAttribute("x1", "0"); nz.setAttribute("y1", "0");
      nz.setAttribute("x2", "0"); nz.setAttribute("y2", "0");
      return;
    }
    $("ease-num").textContent = String(Math.round(A.ease));
    setArc($("arc-ease"), clamp(A.ease, 0, 100) / 100);
    $("ease-band").textContent = easeBandName(A.ease);
    offE.innerHTML = (A.ease > 100 || A.ease < 0)
      ? '<span class="offscale">off the 0–100 scale</span>' : "";

    $("grade-num").textContent = fmt(A.grade, 1);
    setArc($("arc-grade"), clamp(A.grade, 0, 18) / 18);
    var g = A.grade;
    $("grade-band").textContent = g < 6 ? "primary school" : g < 9 ? "middle school"
      : g < 13 ? "high school" : g < 17 ? "degree level" : "specialist";
    offG.innerHTML = (g > 18 || g < 0) ? '<span class="offscale">past the end of the dial</span>' : "";

    var th = Math.PI * (1 - clamp(state.goal, 0, 18) / 18), nx = Math.cos(th), ny = Math.sin(th);
    var notch = $("grade-notch");
    notch.setAttribute("x1", fmt(60 + 41 * nx, 2)); notch.setAttribute("y1", fmt(60 - 41 * ny, 2));
    notch.setAttribute("x2", fmt(60 + 55 * nx, 2)); notch.setAttribute("y2", fmt(60 - 55 * ny, 2));
  }

  /* ---------- counts ---------- */
  function renderStats(A) {
    var cells = [
      [String(A.W), "words"],
      [String(A.SEN), "sentences"],
      [String(A.SY), "syllables"],
      [A.SEN ? fmt(A.wps, 1) : "—", "words / sent"],
      [A.W ? fmt(A.spw, 2) : "—", "syll / word"],
      [A.W ? (fmt(A.longPct, 0) + "%") : "—", "3+ syll words"]
    ];
    var html = "";
    for (var i = 0; i < cells.length; i++) {
      html += '<div class="stat"><span class="v">' + esc(cells[i][0]) + '</span><span class="k">' + esc(cells[i][1]) + "</span></div>";
    }
    $("stats").innerHTML = html;
    var mins = A.W ? Math.max(1, Math.round(A.W / 238)) : 0;
    $("readtime").textContent = A.W ? ("~" + mins + " min read") : "—";
    $("scope-note").textContent = A.SEN === 1 ? "1 sentence" : A.SEN + " sentences";
  }

  /* ---------- grade goal / pass ---------- */
  function renderTarget(A) {
    var pass = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) { if (A.sents[i].grade <= state.goal) { pass++; } }
    var n = A.sents.length;
    var bar = $("passbar");
    bar.firstChild.style.width = (n ? (pass / n) * 100 : 0) + "%";
    if (n && pass === n) { bar.classList.add("all"); } else { bar.classList.remove("all"); }
    var line = $("passline");
    if (!n) { line.innerHTML = '<span>no sentences yet</span>'; return; }
    var html = "<span>" + pass + " of " + plural(n, "sentence", "sentences") +
      " at or below grade " + state.goal + "</span>";
    html += (pass === n)
      ? ' <span class="pill ok">all clear</span>'
      : ' <span class="pill warn">' + (n - pass) + " above goal</span>";
    line.innerHTML = html;
  }

  /* ---------- worst sentence ---------- */
  function findWorst(A) {
    var best = -1, bestG = -Infinity, i, s;
    for (i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) {
      s = A.sents[i];
      if (s.wc >= 6 && s.grade > bestG) { bestG = s.grade; best = i; }
    }
    if (best < 0) {
      for (i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) {
        s = A.sents[i];
        if (s.grade > bestG) { bestG = s.grade; best = i; }
      }
    }
    return best;
  }
  function whyHard(s) {
    var bits = [];
    if (s.wc > 40) { bits.push("It runs <b>" + s.wc + " words</b> without a full stop — most readers lose the thread well before that."); }
    else if (s.wc > 25) { bits.push("At <b>" + s.wc + " words</b> it asks you to hold a lot at once."); }
    if (s.spw >= 2.0) { bits.push("Its words average <b>" + fmt(s.spw, 2) + " syllables</b>, which is Latinate-heavy territory."); }
    else if (s.spw >= 1.75) { bits.push("Its words average <b>" + fmt(s.spw, 2) + " syllables</b> — longer than everyday speech."); }
    if (!bits.length) {
      bits.push("Short words, short span: <b>" + plural(s.wc, "word", "words") + "</b> at <b>" +
        fmt(s.spw, 2) + "</b> syllables each. Nothing here to trip on.");
    }
    var commas = (s.text.match(/,/g) || []).length;
    if (commas >= 2 && s.wc > 25) {
      var parts = s.text.split(",").map(function (p) { return wordsOf(p).length; }).filter(function (v) { return v > 0; });
      if (parts.length >= 3) {
        bits.push("Split at its commas it would give chunks of <b>" + parts.join(" · ") + "</b> words.");
      }
    }
    return bits.join(" ");
  }
  function miniHTML(s) {
    return '<span>words <b>' + s.wc + "</b></span>" +
           '<span>syllables <b>' + s.sy + "</b></span>" +
           '<span>syll/word <b>' + fmt(s.spw, 2) + "</b></span>" +
           '<span>ease <b>' + Math.round(s.ease) + "</b></span>" +
           '<span>grade <b>' + fmt(s.grade, 1) + "</b></span>";
  }
  function renderWorst(A) {
    var i = state.worst;
    if (i < 0) {
      $("worst-text").textContent = "—";
      $("worst-mini").innerHTML = "";
      $("worst-why").textContent = "Add some text and the hardest sentence shows up here.";
      $("worst-jump").disabled = true;
      return;
    }
    var s = A.sents[i];
    $("worst-jump").disabled = false;
    $("worst-text").textContent = s.text;
    $("worst-mini").innerHTML = miniHTML(s);
    $("worst-why").innerHTML = "Sentence " + (i + 1) + " of " + A.SEN + ". " + whyHard(s);
  }

  /* ---------- legend ---------- */
  function renderLegend() {
    var m = MODES[state.mode], html = "";
    for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
      html += '<span class="lg"><span class="sw b' + i + '"></span>' + esc(m.names[i]) +
              ' <span style="opacity:.75">' + esc(m.cuts[i]) + "</span></span>";
    }
    html += '<span class="lg"><span class="sw over"></span>above grade ' + state.goal + "</span>";
    $("legend").innerHTML = html;
    $("strip-lab").textContent = m.strip;
  }

  /* ---------- strip ---------- */
  function renderStrip(A) {
    var m = MODES[state.mode], n = A.sents.length, i;
    var hadFocus = strip.contains(document.activeElement);
    if (strip.children.length !== n) {
      var html = "";
      for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { html += '<button type="button" data-i="' + i + '" tabindex="-1"><i></i></button>'; }
      strip.innerHTML = html;
    }
    for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
      var s = A.sents[i], b = m.band(s), btn = strip.children[i], bar = btn.firstChild;
      bar.className = "b" + b;
      bar.style.height = (10 + m.diff(s) * 90) + "%";
      btn.setAttribute("aria-label", "Sentence " + (i + 1) + " of " + n + ": " + s.wc +
        " words, grade " + fmt(s.grade, 1) + ", " + m.names[b]);
      btn.setAttribute("aria-pressed", i === state.sel ? "true" : "false");
      btn.tabIndex = i === state.sel ? 0 : -1;
    }
    if (hadFocus && strip.children[state.sel]) { strip.children[state.sel].focus(); }
  }

  /* ---------- selected sentence ---------- */
  function renderDetail(A) {
    if (!A.SEN) {
      det.innerHTML = '<p class="why" style="margin:0">Nothing to score yet — type or paste something above.</p>';
      return;
    }
    var i = clamp(state.sel, 0, A.SEN - 1), s = A.sents[i], m = MODES[state.mode], b = m.band(s);
    var ok = s.grade <= state.goal;
    var html = '<div class="dethead"><span class="k-lab">selected</span>' +
      '<span class="mono" style="font-size:.8rem">sentence ' + (i + 1) + " / " + A.SEN + "</span>" +
      '<span class="pill' + (b >= 2 ? " warn" : "") + '">' + esc(m.names[b]) + "</span>" +
      (ok ? '<span class="pill ok">meets grade ' + state.goal + "</span>"
          : '<span class="pill">grade ' + fmt(s.grade, 1) + " · above goal</span>") +
      "</div>";
    html += "<blockquote>" + esc(s.text) + "</blockquote>";
    html += '<div class="mini">' + miniHTML(s) + "</div>";
    html += '<p class="why">' + whyHard(s) + "</p>";
    det.innerHTML = html;
  }

  /* ---------- selection without a full rebuild ---------- */
  function applySel() {
    var A = state.A;
    if (!A) { return; }
    var spans = mirror.querySelectorAll("span.s"), i;
    for (i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) { spans[i].classList.remove("sel"); }
    if (spans[state.sel]) { spans[state.sel].classList.add("sel"); }
    for (i = 0; i < strip.children.length; i++) {
      strip.children[i].setAttribute("aria-pressed", i === state.sel ? "true" : "false");
      strip.children[i].tabIndex = i === state.sel ? 0 : -1;
    }
    renderDetail(A);
  }
  function caretSel(A) {
    var p = ta.selectionStart || 0, idx = 0;
    for (var i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) { if (A.sents[i].start <= p) { idx = i; } }
    return idx;
  }
  function announce(A) {
    if (liveTimer) { clearTimeout(liveTimer); }
    liveTimer = setTimeout(function () {
      if (!A.SEN) { $("live").textContent = "No text to score."; return; }
      var over = 0;
      for (var i = 0; i < A.sents.length; i++) { if (A.sents[i].grade > state.goal) { over++; } }
      $("live").textContent = "Reading ease " + Math.round(A.ease) + ", grade " + fmt(A.grade, 1) +
        ", " + A.SEN + " sentences, " + over + " above grade " + state.goal + ".";
    }, 700);
  }

  /* ---------- full render ---------- */
  function render(keepSel) {
    var A = analyze(state.text);
    state.A = A;
    state.worst = findWorst(A);
    if (!A.SEN) { state.sel = 0; }
    else if (keepSel === "caret") { state.sel = caretSel(A); }
    else if (keepSel === "worst") { state.sel = Math.max(0, state.worst); }
    else { state.sel = clamp(state.sel, 0, A.SEN - 1); }
    buildMirror(A);
    renderDials(A);
    renderStats(A);
    renderTarget(A);
    renderWorst(A);
    renderLegend();
    renderStrip(A);
    renderDetail(A);
    announce(A);
  }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * syllable lab
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  function renderProbe(raw) {
    var first = (String(raw).match(/[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9'’\-]*/) || [""])[0];
    var view = $("wordview"), steps = $("steps");
    if (!first) {
      view.innerHTML = '<span style="color:var(--muted);font-size:.9rem">type a word</span>';
      steps.innerHTML = "";
      return;
    }
    /* anything with a digit never reaches the vowel rule — show that path honestly */
    if (/\d/.test(first)) {
      var nd = Math.max(1, (first.match(/\d/g) || []).length);
      view.innerHTML = '<span class="vg">' + esc(first) + "</span>";
      steps.innerHTML = "<li>this contains a digit, so the vowel rule never runs</li>" +
        "<li>one syllable per digit → <b>" + nd + "</b></li>" +
        '<li class="miss">a crude stand-in: <b>17</b> scores 2, but "seventeen" is spoken as 3</li>';
      return;
    }
    var st = ruleSteps(first), w = st.word;
    var hand = Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(LEX, w) ? LEX[w] : null;

    /* word with vowel groups marked */
    var marks = new Array(st.kept.length), gi;
    for (gi = 0; gi < st.groups.length; gi++) {
      for (var k = 0; k < st.groups[gi].len; k++) { marks[st.groups[gi].i + k] = 1; }
    }
    var html = "", run = "", cur = 0, ci;
    if (st.tiny) {
      html = esc(w);
    } else {
      for (ci = 0; ci <= st.kept.length; ci++) {
        var isV = ci < st.kept.length ? (marks[ci] ? 1 : 0) : -1;
        if (isV !== cur || ci === st.kept.length) {
          if (run) { html += cur ? '<span class="vg">' + esc(run) + "</span>" : esc(run); }
          run = ""; cur = isV;
        }
        if (ci < st.kept.length) { run += st.kept.charAt(ci); }
      }
      if (st.dropped) { html += '<span class="dropped">' + esc(st.dropped) + "</span>"; }
    }
    view.innerHTML = html;

    var li = [];
    if (st.tiny) {
      li.push("<b>" + esc(w) + "</b> is 3 letters or fewer → counted as <b>1</b> without looking");
    } else {
      if (st.droppedWhy) { li.push("dropped <b>" + esc(st.dropped) + "</b> (" + st.droppedWhy + ")"); }
      if (st.leadY) { li.push("leading <b>y</b> ignored — it is a consonant here"); }
      var gtxt = [];
      for (gi = 0; gi < st.groups.length; gi++) { gtxt.push(st.groups[gi].txt); }
      li.push("vowel runs: " + (gtxt.length ? "<b>" + esc(gtxt.join(" · ")) + "</b>" : "<b>none</b>, so 1 by default") +
              " → <b>" + (gtxt.length || 1) + "</b>");
      if (st.bump) { li.push("ends consonant + vowel + <b>-ing</b> → <b>+1</b>"); }
      li.push("rule says <b>" + st.count + "</b> syllable" + (st.count === 1 ? "" : "s"));
    }
    if (hand !== null) {
      if (hand === st.count) {
        steps.innerHTML = "<li>" + li.join("</li><li>") + '</li><li class="ok">' +
          "hand count agrees: <b>" + hand + "</b> — this word is on the check list</li>";
        return;
      }
      steps.innerHTML = "<li>" + li.join("</li><li>") + '</li><li class="miss">hand count is <b>' + hand +
        "</b> — the rule is wrong here, so this page uses <b>" + hand + "</b></li>";
      return;
    }
    li.push("not on the check list, so <b>" + st.count + "</b> is what this page uses");
    steps.innerHTML = "<li>" + li.join("</li><li>") + "</li>";
  }

  function renderAccuracy() {
    $("acc-line").innerHTML = "Against the <b>" + ACC.total + "</b> hand-counted words baked into this page, " +
      "the rule alone gets <b>" + ACC.right + "</b> right — <b>" + ACC.pct + "%</b>. " +
      "The " + ACC.misses.length + " it misses are patched by hand; every other word in your text rides on the rule.";
    var html = '<div class="tablescroll"><table class="misstable"><thead><tr>' +
      "<th>word</th><th>rule</th><th>hand</th><th>miss</th></tr></thead><tbody>";
    for (var i = 0; i < ACC.misses.length; i++) {
      var m = ACC.misses[i], d = m.rule - m.hand;
      html += "<tr><td>" + esc(m.w) + '</td><td class="rule">' + m.rule + '</td><td class="hand">' + m.hand +
        "</td><td>" + (d > 0 ? "+" + d : d) + "</td></tr>";
    }
    html += "</tbody></table></div>";
    $("miss-wrap").innerHTML = html;
  }

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * events
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  function markSample(active) {
    document.querySelectorAll("[data-sample]").forEach(function (o) {
      o.setAttribute("aria-pressed", o === active ? "true" : "false");
    });
  }

  ta.addEventListener("input", function () {
    state.text = ta.value;
    markSample(null);   /* it is the visitor's text now, not a sample */
    render("caret");
  });
  ["click", "keyup", "select", "focus"].forEach(function (ev) {
    ta.addEventListener(ev, function () {
      if (!state.A || !state.A.SEN) { return; }
      var i = caretSel(state.A);
      if (i !== state.sel) { state.sel = i; applySel(); }
    });
  });

  document.querySelectorAll("[data-sample]").forEach(function (b) {
    b.addEventListener("click", function () {
      state.text = SAMPLES[b.getAttribute("data-sample")];
      ta.value = state.text;
      try { ta.setSelectionRange(0, 0); } catch (e) { /* ignore */ }
      markSample(b);
      render("worst");
    });
  });

  document.querySelectorAll("[data-mode]").forEach(function (b) {
    b.addEventListener("click", function () {
      state.mode = b.getAttribute("data-mode");
      document.querySelectorAll("[data-mode]").forEach(function (o) {
        o.setAttribute("aria-pressed", o === b ? "true" : "false");
      });
      render();
    });
  });

  $("goal").addEventListener("input", function () {
    state.goal = parseInt(this.value, 10);
    $("tval").textContent = String(state.goal);
    render();
  });

  strip.addEventListener("click", function (e) {
    var btn = e.target.closest ? e.target.closest("button") : null;
    if (!btn || !strip.contains(btn)) { return; }
    selectSentence(parseInt(btn.getAttribute("data-i"), 10), false);
  });
  strip.addEventListener("keydown", function (e) {
    var n = strip.children.length;
    if (!n) { return; }
    var i = state.sel, moved = true;
    if (e.key === "ArrowRight" || e.key === "ArrowDown") { i = Math.min(n - 1, i + 1); }
    else if (e.key === "ArrowLeft" || e.key === "ArrowUp") { i = Math.max(0, i - 1); }
    else if (e.key === "Home") { i = 0; }
    else if (e.key === "End") { i = n - 1; }
    else { moved = false; }
    if (!moved) { return; }
    e.preventDefault();
    selectSentence(i, false);
    strip.children[i].focus();
  });

  function selectSentence(i, focusText) {
    var A = state.A;
    if (!A || !A.SEN) { return; }
    var idx = clamp(i, 0, A.SEN - 1), s = A.sents[idx];
    /* move the caret first: focusing fires the caret sync, which would otherwise
       re-select whatever sentence the caret was sitting in before. */
    try {
      if (focusText) { ta.setSelectionRange(s.start, s.end); ta.focus(); ta.setSelectionRange(s.start, s.end); }
      else { ta.setSelectionRange(s.start, s.start); }
    } catch (e) { /* ignore */ }
    state.sel = idx;
    applySel();
  }

  $("worst-jump").addEventListener("click", function () {
    if (state.worst < 0) { return; }
    selectSentence(state.worst, true);
    mirror.scrollIntoView({ block: "center" });
  });

  $("probe").addEventListener("input", function () { renderProbe(this.value); });
  document.querySelectorAll("[data-word]").forEach(function (b) {
    b.addEventListener("click", function () {
      $("probe").value = b.getAttribute("data-word");
      renderProbe($("probe").value);
    });
  });

  $("miss-toggle").addEventListener("click", function () {
    var open = this.getAttribute("aria-expanded") === "true";
    this.setAttribute("aria-expanded", open ? "false" : "true");
    this.textContent = open ? "show the misses" : "hide the misses";
    $("miss-wrap").hidden = open;
  });

  /* platform theme */
  window.addEventListener("message", function (e) {
    var d = e.data;
    if (d && d.type === "sloprun:theme" && (d.theme === "light" || d.theme === "dark")) {
      document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme", d.theme);
    }
  });

  /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ *
   * boot — never an empty form
   * ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
  state.text = SAMPLES.mixed;
  ta.value = state.text;
  render("worst");
  renderProbe($("probe").value);
  renderAccuracy();
})();
</script>
</body>
</html>